Red Square is the heart of Moscow and one of the most iconic landmarks in Russia. Surrounded by historic buildings and famous attractions, it offers visitors a glimpse into the country’s rich past, its political history, and its stunning architecture. If you’re planning to visit Red Square, there’s no better way to explore it than on foot. In this guide, we’ll walk you through the best walking route through Red Square and its surroundings, ensuring you don’t miss any of the must-see sights while taking in the historical beauty of this incredible location.
1. Start at the Kremlin Wall and Lenin’s Mausoleum
Why It’s Important
The Kremlin Wall is one of the most iconic features of Red Square, and Lenin’s Mausoleum is located directly next to it. This is a good starting point for your walk as it provides a historical context for the rest of your journey.
Key Highlights
- Kremlin Wall: Walk along the base of the Kremlin Wall, which has stood for centuries and surrounds the Kremlin fortress. You’ll see the Tsar Cannon and Tsar Bell, two of Russia’s most famous historical artifacts.
- Lenin’s Mausoleum: Lenin’s Mausoleum is the resting place of Vladimir Lenin, the founder of the Soviet Union. The mausoleum is an essential stop, as it represents a pivotal moment in Russian history. You can visit the mausoleum to view Lenin’s preserved body (check operating hours as it’s closed on certain days).
Why You Should Start Here
- Political Significance: The Kremlin Wall and Lenin’s Mausoleum are landmarks of immense political and historical significance, offering insight into Russia’s Soviet and imperial history.
- Symbol of Power: These structures serve as the center of Russian governance, and visiting them gives you a sense of the political heritage of the nation.
2. Stroll to St. Basil’s Cathedral
Why It’s Important
One of the most iconic and visually stunning landmarks in Moscow, St. Basil’s Cathedral sits at the southern edge of Red Square. Its colorful, onion-shaped domes are instantly recognizable and symbolize Russia’s Orthodox Christianity and its unique architectural style.
Key Highlights
- St. Basil’s Cathedral: Built in the 16th century by Ivan the Terrible, this cathedral is a masterpiece of Russian Orthodox architecture. Its vibrant domes are said to represent flames rising toward the sky. Step inside to see the beautiful iconography and historic frescoes that decorate the cathedral’s interior.
- Photographic Views: The cathedral offers some of the most photogenic views in Moscow, and it’s best to take a moment to admire the exterior from different angles before heading inside.
Why You Should Visit
- Architectural Wonder: St. Basil’s Cathedral is a symbol of Russian culture and religion, offering a breathtaking experience that will leave you awestruck by its colors, design, and history.
- Symbolic Importance: As one of the most recognizable landmarks in Moscow, it represents the spiritual heart of Russia and the Russian Orthodox faith.
3. Walk Along the Moscow River Embankment
Why It’s Important
After admiring St. Basil’s Cathedral, head towards the Moscow River Embankment, where you can enjoy the scenic beauty of the river, as well as incredible views of the Kremlin, Red Square, and the surrounding area. It’s a peaceful and relaxing walk that contrasts the busy atmosphere of the square.
Key Highlights
- Moscow River Views: The Moscow River offers fantastic views of Red Square, the Kremlin, and St. Basil’s Cathedral. You’ll also see Kremlin Towers and other notable historical buildings.
- Zaryadye Park: At the end of the embankment, you can visit Zaryadye Park, a modern urban park built near Red Square, offering green spaces, scenic views, and an innovative floating bridge that offers breathtaking views of Moscow. It’s a great place to relax and take in the skyline.
Why You Should Walk Here
- Picturesque Views: The walk along the Moscow River Embankment provides some of the best views of Moscow’s most iconic landmarks, and Zaryadye Park adds a modern touch to your journey.
- Peaceful Atmosphere: The embankment is quieter and less crowded, offering a peaceful respite from the busy square.
4. Explore GUM Department Store
Why It’s Important
GUM is the largest and most luxurious department store in Moscow, located on the eastern side of Red Square. Not only is it a great place to shop, but its historical significance and architectural beauty make it an essential stop during your walking tour.
Key Highlights
- GUM Department Store: Originally built in the late 19th century, this shopping mall combines historic and modern elements. The grand glass roof, ornate archways, and mosaic floor tiles make GUM a beautiful architectural space. Inside, you’ll find luxury boutiques, Russian brands, and international labels.
- Shopping Experience: GUM offers a wide range of premium shopping options, from fashion to Russian traditional goods. It’s the perfect place for a break, offering a chance to shop or simply admire the beautiful architecture.
Why You Should Visit
- Historical and Cultural Gem: GUM represents both the imperial and Soviet history of Russia, offering a glimpse into the country’s evolution from the early 20th century to the present day.
- Architectural Beauty: The building’s classical architecture and interior details are stunning and provide a visual contrast to the more modern structures nearby.
5. Visit the State Historical Museum
Why It’s Important
The State Historical Museum stands proudly at the northern end of Red Square, and its architectural beauty and vast collections make it a must-see for any history enthusiast.
Key Highlights
- Exhibits: The museum is dedicated to the history of Russia, from ancient civilizations to the modern era. It features impressive collections of archaeological artifacts, artwork, and historical documents.
- Architecture: The building itself is a stunning example of Russian Revival style architecture, with its red-brick exterior and grand entrance. Inside, you’ll find vast halls and intricate designs showcasing Russia’s past.
Why You Should Visit
- Rich History: The museum’s vast collections provide an in-depth look into Russia’s cultural and historical development, making it an essential stop for those interested in learning more about the country.
- Impressive Building: The State Historical Museum is not only filled with incredible exhibits but also stands as an architectural marvel in the heart of Red Square.
6. Walk to Kitai-Gorod
Why It’s Important
After visiting Red Square, consider heading towards Kitai-Gorod, one of Moscow’s oldest districts. It is just a short walk from Red Square and offers a charming contrast to the grandiosity of the square with its narrower streets, historic buildings, and local shops.
Key Highlights
- Old Moscow: Kitai-Gorod is one of Moscow’s oldest neighborhoods, dating back to the 15th century. Walking through its streets gives you a glimpse of old Moscow, with medieval-style buildings and hidden courtyards.
- Shops and Cafes: Kitai-Gorod is known for its local shops, cozy cafes, and cultural spots like art galleries and bookstores. It’s a great area to explore on foot if you want to experience a more intimate side of Moscow.
Why You Should Walk Here
- Historic Charm: Kitai-Gorod offers a different, quieter, and more authentic atmosphere compared to the bustling Red Square, with historic streets full of local life and culture.
- Hidden Gems: The area is full of hidden gems, including small churches, traditional markets, and unique local shops that make it an ideal place for a leisurely stroll.
Conclusion
This walking route through Red Square and its surroundings offers a comprehensive way to explore the heart of Moscow, combining history, culture, and stunning views. From the Kremlin Wall and St. Basil’s Cathedral to the modern Zaryadye Park, every stop offers a unique experience and a deeper understanding of Russia’s rich heritage. Whether you’re a history enthusiast, an architecture lover, or simply someone who enjoys beautiful views, this walking route will allow you to experience the best of Moscow on foot.
