Cathedral Square (Sobornaya Ploshchad) is the heart of the Moscow Kremlin and one of the most historically and architecturally significant spaces in Russia. Surrounded by several stunning churches and key landmarks, it has been the site of numerous royal coronations, ceremonial events, and religious services over the centuries. Whether you are interested in the historical significance, the architecture, or simply wish to enjoy the beauty of the space, a visit to Cathedral Square is essential for any trip to the Kremlin.
Here’s a comprehensive guide on how to visit Cathedral Square, including practical tips for getting there, the best time to visit, and what to see.
1. What Is Cathedral Square?
Cathedral Square is the central and most important part of the Kremlin, situated between the Assumption Cathedral, the Annunciation Cathedral, and the Archangel Cathedral. This square has been the site of important events in Russian history, including royal coronations and imperial ceremonies. It has also been the location of numerous religious observances throughout Russia’s history.
What Makes Cathedral Square Special
- Historical Significance: Cathedral Square has been at the center of Russia’s political and religious life for centuries. It was here that tsars were crowned and church ceremonies were held.
- Architectural Marvels: The square is surrounded by remarkable examples of Russian Orthodox architecture, including the Assumption Cathedral and the Annunciation Cathedral, both of which have stood for hundreds of years.
- Cultural and Religious Center: The square has been home to numerous important ceremonial events and religious celebrations, and it remains a place of great cultural significance.
2. How to Get to Cathedral Square
Cathedral Square is located inside the Moscow Kremlin and is accessible with a ticket to the Kremlin Complex. Here’s how you can get there:
By Metro
- Metro Station: The nearest metro station is Biblioteka imeni Lenina on the Red Line (Line 1). From here, it’s a short walk to the Kremlin complex and Cathedral Square.
- Other Stations: Alternatively, you can use Kievskaya or Borovitskaya metro stations, which are also within walking distance of the Kremlin.
By Foot
- If you are already in the city center or near Red Square, Cathedral Square is just a short walk from Red Square and is easily accessible on foot.
By Taxi or Rideshare
- You can also take a taxi or rideshare service (like Yandex.Taxi or Uber) to the Kremlin entrance. Keep in mind that taxis may not be allowed to go directly to the entrance during high-security periods, so it’s best to get dropped off at the nearest available point.
3. Opening Hours and Ticket Information
Opening Hours
- Cathedral Square is part of the Kremlin complex, which is typically open every day except Thursday. The complex usually opens at 10:00 AM and closes at 5:00 PM.
- Cathedrals and Museums: Some of the Kremlin museums, including the Armory Chamber, may close earlier than Cathedral Square, so it’s a good idea to arrive earlier in the day to explore everything.
- Religious Services: As Cathedral Square is home to several active Orthodox churches, the Assumption Cathedral and the Annunciation Cathedral may close to visitors during religious services or special events. Check the Kremlin website for service schedules to plan your visit.
Ticket Information
- To access Cathedral Square, you’ll need to purchase a Kremlin entry ticket. The general Kremlin Complex ticket includes access to Cathedral Square, the Assumption Cathedral, Annunciation Cathedral, and the Archangel Cathedral.
- Tickets can be purchased at the Kremlin ticket office or online in advance.
- Separate tickets may be required for the Armory Chamber and other specific Kremlin museums.
4. What to See in Cathedral Square
Cathedral Square is surrounded by magnificent cathedrals, historical monuments, and beautiful architecture. Here’s what you can expect to see:
Assumption Cathedral (Uspensky Sobor)
- Importance: The Assumption Cathedral is the most important church in the Kremlin and served as the coronation site for Russian tsars. It remains one of the finest examples of Byzantine-inspired Russian Orthodox architecture.
- Key Features: Admire the golden iconostasis, the frescoes that adorn the walls, and the stunning dome of the cathedral. The cathedral’s spiritual significance and architectural beauty make it one of the Kremlin’s highlights.
Annunciation Cathedral (Blagoveshchensky Sobor)
- Royal History: The Annunciation Cathedral was the royal family’s private church, where Russian tsars and their families would attend services. It is famous for its intricate frescoes, golden icons, and vibrant color schemes.
- Key Features: Take time to explore the frescoes and paintings depicting the life of Christ, as well as the cathedral’s beautiful domes and architectural design.
Archangel Cathedral (Arkhangelsky Sobor)
- Royal Tombs: The Archangel Cathedral is the burial site for many Russian tsars and royalty, including Ivan the Terrible and Alexis of Russia. The cathedral’s serene atmosphere and beautiful architecture make it a must-see in Cathedral Square.
- Key Features: Marvel at the ornate iconostasis, the paintings by Russian iconographers, and the tombs of the Russian monarchs. The cathedral also has incredible frescoes covering both the ceiling and the walls.
Tsar Bell and Tsar Cannon
- Monumental Symbols: The Tsar Bell is the largest bell in the world, while the Tsar Cannon is one of the largest cannons ever made, though it was never used in battle.
- Key Features: Both of these monumental objects stand outside the Assumption Cathedral and offer impressive photo opportunities.
Kremlin Wall and Towers
- While not technically a cathedral, the Kremlin Wall and towers surrounding Cathedral Square are iconic parts of the site. The Spasskaya Tower, in particular, is one of the most famous towers in the Kremlin, offering incredible views of Red Square and the surrounding area.
5. Best Time to Visit Cathedral Square
Avoid Peak Hours
Cathedral Square can get quite crowded, especially during peak tourist seasons (spring and summer) and weekends. To avoid the largest crowds, consider visiting during these times:
- Early Morning: Arrive right when the Kremlin opens to be one of the first visitors of the day. This will allow you to experience the square without the hustle and bustle.
- Late Afternoon: The late afternoon, particularly after 3:00 PM, can be a quieter time to explore Cathedral Square before the Kremlin begins to close.
Off-Peak Seasons
The best times to visit Cathedral Square without encountering large crowds are during the off-peak months of autumn and winter (October to March). Moscow’s colder weather means fewer tourists, and the Kremlin looks even more picturesque with the occasional dusting of snow.
6. Practical Tips for Visiting Cathedral Square
Dress Modestly
Since Cathedral Square is home to several active Orthodox churches, it’s recommended to dress modestly when visiting. Women may be required to cover their heads with a scarf, and both men and women should avoid wearing short skirts or shorts. While this is particularly enforced during religious services, it’s a good idea to keep it in mind during your visit.
Photography Guidelines
- Allowed: Photography is generally allowed in Cathedral Square and its surrounding areas, including the Kremlin walls and towers.
- Restricted Areas: Photography is typically prohibited inside the cathedrals during religious services, and flash photography is discouraged in most areas to preserve the artwork.
Accessibility
- Cathedral Square is easily accessible for visitors with mobility issues. The Kremlin is equipped with elevators and ramps, so those with wheelchairs or other mobility aids can access the majority of the area.
Conclusion
Cathedral Square is a historic and architectural gem, offering visitors a chance to experience Russia’s royal past, religious heritage, and stunning Orthodox architecture. By following the tips above, you can make the most of your visit to this remarkable part of the Moscow Kremlin. Whether you’re admiring the Assumption Cathedral’s frescoes, exploring the tombs of Russian tsars in the Archangel Cathedral, or simply soaking in the beauty of the Kremlin’s monumental walls, Cathedral Square is an essential stop on any visit to Moscow.
